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Stroop effect. Naming the displayed color of a printed word is an easier and quicker task if the word matches the color (top) than if it does not (bottom). In psychology, the Stroop effect is the delay in reaction time between congruent and incongruent stimuli. The effect has been used to create a psychological test (the Stroop test) that is ...
In information theory, the entropy of a random variable is the average level of "information", "surprise", or "uncertainty" inherent to the variable's possible outcomes. Given a discrete random variable , which takes values in the set and is distributed according to , the entropy is. where denotes the sum over the variable's possible values.
The Triarchic Theory of Intelligence or Three Forms of Intelligence, [1] formulated by psychologist Robert Sternberg, aims to go against the psychometric approach to intelligence and take a more cognitive approach, which leaves it to the category of the cognitive-contextual theories. [2] The three meta components are also called triarchic ...
Predictive coding. In neuroscience, predictive coding (also known as predictive processing) is a theory of brain function which postulates that the brain is constantly generating and updating a "mental model" of the environment. According to the theory, such a mental model is used to predict input signals from the senses that are then compared ...
v. t. e. Information theory is the mathematical study of the quantification, storage, and communication of information. The field was originally established by the works of Harry Nyquist and Ralph Hartley, in the 1920s, and Claude Shannon in the 1940s. [1] : vii The field, in applied mathematics, is at the intersection of probability theory ...
Cognitive-experiential self-theory ( CEST) is a dual-process model of perception developed by Seymour Epstein. CEST is based around the idea that people operate using two separate systems for information processing: analytical-rational and intuitive-experiential. The analytical-rational system is deliberate, slow, and logical.
Social information processing refers to a theory of how individuals, especially children, establish (or fail to establish) successful relationships with society. Studies show the parts of the brain which are active during the whole social interaction are the amygdala, ventromedial frontal cortices and right somatosensory-related cortex and others.
Affect infusion model. The Affect infusion model ( AIM) is a theoretical model in the field of human psychology. Developed by social psychologist Joseph Paul Forgas in the early 1990s, it attempts to explain how affect impacts one's ability to process information. A key assertion of the AIM is that the effects of affect tend to be exacerbated ...