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Vietnamese also has 14 vowel nuclei, and 6 tones that are integral to the interpretation of the language. Older interpretations of Vietnamese tones differentiated between "sharp" and "heavy" entering and departing tones. This article is a technical description of the sound system of the Vietnamese language, including phonetics and phonology.
The history of Vietnam can be traced back to around 20,000 years ago. The first modern humans to arrive and settle in the area of modern-day Vietnam are known as the Hoabinhians, who can be traced as the ancestors of modern-day Negritos. Archaeological findings from 1965, which are still under research, show the remains of two hominins closely ...
History. Historical exonyms include place names of bordering countries, namely Thailand, Laos, China, and Cambodia. During the expansion of Vietnam ( Nam tiến) some place names have become Vietnamized. Consequently, as control of different places and regions has shifted among China, Vietnam, and other Southeast Asian countries, the Vietnamese ...
Vietnamese grammar. Vietnamese is an analytic language, meaning it conveys grammatical information primarily through combinations of words as opposed to suffixes. The basic word order is subject-verb-object (SVO), but utterances may be restructured so as to be topic-prominent. Vietnamese also has verb serialization.
Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary ( Vietnamese: từ Hán Việt, Chữ Hán: 詞漢越, literally ' Chinese -Vietnamese words') is a layer of about 3,000 monosyllabic morphemes of the Vietnamese language borrowed from Literary Chinese with consistent pronunciations based on Middle Chinese. Compounds using these morphemes are used extensively in ...
The Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (abbreviated CALD) is a British dictionary of the English language. It was first published in 1995 under the title Cambridge International Dictionary of English by the Cambridge University Press. The dictionary has over 140,000 words, phrases, and meanings. It is suitable for learners at CEF levels B2 ...
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP). It traces the historical development of the English language, providing a comprehensive resource to scholars and academic researchers, as well as describing usage in its many variations throughout the world.
Vietnamese pronouns. In general, a Vietnamese pronoun ( Vietnamese: Đại từ nhân xưng, lit. 'Person-calling pronoun', or Vietnamese: Đại từ xưng hô ) can serve as a noun phrase. In Vietnamese, a pronoun usually connotes a degree of family relationship or kinship. In polite speech, the aspect of kinship terminology is used when ...