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Down syndrome is a condition in which a fetus is born with an extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21). Babies born with Down syndrome may have intellectual disabilities, low muscle tone, and a ...
Doctors can usually diagnose a congenital diaphragmatic hernia before the baby is born. About half the cases are revealed during an ultrasound examination of the fetus. There may also be an ...
Each year, about 6,000 babies are born with Down syndrome in the United States. One out of every 700 babies born in the United States is estimated to have the condition. The estimated incidence of ...
Down syndrome is a genetic condition that causes mild to significant physical and developmental problems. People with Down syndrome (DS) are born with an extra chromosome. Chromosomes are bundles ...
Shortness of breath. Problems with exercise. The symptoms of congenital heart disease in infants and children may include: A bluish tint to the skin, fingernails, and lips (cyanosis, a condition ...
Ultrasound looks at the fluid in an area of the baby’s neck called the “nuchal fold.”. If the fluid level is higher than normal, it could be a sign of Down syndrome. Integrated screening ...
Congenital heart defect. A congenital heart defect (CHD), also known as a congenital heart anomaly, congenital cardiovascular malformation, and congenital heart disease, is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth. [ 7 ] A congenital heart defect is classed as a cardiovascular disease. [ 10 ]
Trisomy 21. Down syndrome (also known by the karyotype 47,XX,+21 for females and 47,XY,+21 for males) [98] is mostly caused by a failure of the 21st chromosome to separate during egg or sperm development, known as nondisjunction. [91] As a result, a sperm or egg cell is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 21; this cell thus has 24 ...