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Labour in India refers to employment in the economy of India. In 2020, there were around 476.67 million workers in India, the second largest after China. Out of which, agriculture industry consist of 41.19%, industry sector consist of 26.18% and service sector consist 32.33% of total labour force.
According to the Pew Research Center, a significant majority of Indians consider the lack of employment opportunities as a "very big problem" in their country. "About 18.6 million Indians were jobless and another 393.7 million work in poor-quality jobs vulnerable to displacement", states the Pew report.
This is a list of States and union territories of India ranked according to unemployment rate. The list is compiled from the Report on Periodic Labour Force Survey (2018–19) released by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
The largest employers in India include companies, the military, railway and the government. To keep the list manageable in length, only those companies/employers which have at least 100,000 employees are included in the list.
In India in 2021, of the total working population 501 million people were employed, the second largest after China. There was 6.1% unemployment, and 93.4% without trade union membership. The average income was $440/month, and the average working week was 40 hours. [1]
For instance, in India most of the chronically poor are wage earners in formal employment, because their jobs are insecure and low paid and offer no chance to accumulate wealth to avoid risks.
The Government of India introduced the MGNREGA social welfare program in 2005 to address the problem of unemployment and poverty in rural areas. Recognizing the high rates of unemployment and poverty in rural India, especially among the underprivileged groups of the population, led to the need for such a program.
India’s young workforce is inclining toward freelance and contractual opportunities. Possessing one of the world’s highest youngest working populations, India has the potential to become the world’s largest freelance gig economy.