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Plato refers to these debates and made allegories and the nature of allegory a prominent theme in his dialogues. [ 9] He uses many allegorical devices and explicitly calls attention to them. In the Parable of the Cave, for example, Plato tells a symbolic tale and interprets its elements one by one ( Rep., 514a1 ff.).
Plato's so-called unwritten doctrines are metaphysical theories ascribed to him by his students and other ancient philosophers but not clearly formulated in his writings. . In recent research, they are sometimes known as Plato's 'principle theory' (German: Prinzipienlehre) because they involve two fundamental principles from which the rest of the system deriv
— The scholar of esotericism Wouter Hanegraaff, 2013. The concept of "Western esotericism" represents a modern scholarly construct rather than a pre-existing, self-defined tradition of thought. In the late 17th century, several European Christian thinkers presented the argument that one could categorise certain traditions of Western philosophy and thought together, thus establishing the ...
In Books VIII–IX stand Plato's criticism of the forms of government. Plato categorized governments into five types of regimes: aristocracy , timocracy , oligarchy , democracy , and tyranny . The starting point is an imagined, alternate aristocracy (ruled by a philosopher-king); a just government ruled by a philosopher king , dominated by the ...
Parmenides (Greek: Παρμενίδης) is one of the dialogues of Plato. It is widely considered to be one of the most challenging and enigmatic of Plato 's dialogues. [1][2][3] The Parmenides purports to be an account of a meeting between the two great philosophers of the Eleatic school, Parmenides and Zeno of Elea, and a young Socrates.
Plato expands on these ideas in another dialogue, Ion. One well-known manifestation of divine madness in ancient Greece was in the cult of the Maenads , the female followers of Dionysus. However, little is known about their rituals; the famous depiction of the cult in Euripides ' play The Bacchae cannot be considered historically accurate.
Platonism. In philosophy and specifically metaphysics, the theory of Forms, theory of Ideas, [1][2][3] Platonic idealism, or Platonic realism is a theory widely credited to the Classical Greek philosopher Plato. The theory suggests that the physical world is not as real or true as "Forms". According to this theory, Forms—conventionally ...
Myth of Er. The Myth of Er (/ ɜːr /; Greek: Ἤρ, translit. ér, gen.: Ἠρός) is a legend that concludes Plato 's Republic (10.614–10.621). The story includes an account of the cosmos and the afterlife that greatly influenced religious, philosophical, and scientific thought for many centuries. The story begins as a man named Er, son of ...