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  2. Operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system

    An operating system ( OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs . Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, peripherals, and ...

  3. Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)

    Kernel (operating system) An oversimplification of how a kernel connects application software to the hardware of a computer. The kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer's operating system and generally has complete control over everything in the system. The kernel is also responsible for preventing and mitigating conflicts ...

  4. Process control block - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_control_block

    A process control block ( PCB ), also sometimes called a process descriptor, is a data structure used by a computer operating system to store all the information about a process . When a process is created (initialized or installed), the operating system creates a corresponding process control block, which specifies and tracks the process state ...

  5. Memory protection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_protection

    The main purpose of memory protection is to prevent a process from accessing memory that has not been allocated to it. This prevents a bug or malware within a process from affecting other processes, or the operating system itself. Protection may encompass all accesses to a specified area of memory, write accesses, or attempts to execute the ...

  6. History of operating systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_operating_systems

    Computer operating systems (OSes) provide a set of functions needed and used by most application programs on a computer, and the links needed to control and synchronize computer hardware. On the first computers, with no operating system, every program needed the full hardware specification to run correctly and perform standard tasks, and its ...

  7. Comparison of user features of operating systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_user...

    An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.. Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.

  8. Object-oriented operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_operating...

    An object-oriented operating system [1] is an operating system that is designed, structured, and operated using object-oriented programming principles. An object-oriented operating system is in contrast to an object-oriented user interface or programming framework, which can be run on a non-object-oriented operating system like DOS or Unix .

  9. List of operating systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_operating_systems

    Business Operating System (BOS) – developed to be ported across microcomputers. EOS – developed by ETA Systems for use in their ETA-10 line of supercomputers. EMBOS – developed by Elxsi for use on their mini-supercomputers. GCOS – a proprietary operating system originally developed by General Electric.