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Blackboard bold is a style of writing bold symbols on a blackboard by doubling certain strokes, commonly used in mathematical lectures, and the derived style of typeface used in printed mathematical texts. The style is most commonly used to represent the number sets ( natural numbers ), ( integers ), ( rational numbers ), ( real numbers ), and ( complex numbers ).
The blackboard bold typeface is widely used for denoting the basic number systems. These systems are often also denoted by the corresponding uppercase bold letter.
The blackboard bold letter style originated in the 1960s to distinguish bold letters from ordinary letters on a blackboard or using a typewriter; in professionally typeset documents, bold fonts were used for the same purpose.
Greek letters are used in mathematics, science, engineering, and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants, special functions, and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities. In these contexts, the capital letters and the small letters represent distinct and unrelated entities.
The following features are exclusive to the Complete version: Bold italics of Greek characters Bold and heavy styles of basic math symbols AMS symbols, including bold and heavy styles Script, blackboard bold, and "holey Roman" (seriffed blackboard bold) fonts
Many letters of the Latin alphabet, both capital and small, are used in mathematics, science, and engineering to denote by convention specific or abstracted constants, variables of a certain type, units, multipliers, or physical entities. Certain letters, when combined with special formatting, take on special meaning.
Among mathematical symbols, it includes blackboard bold glyphs, a mathematical sans-serif font modeled on Helvetica, Fraktur and script fonts, hexagrams, and Aegean numerals. As of April 2021, the Noto fonts in the GitHub repository have this coverage of Unicode 13:
Just like the set of real numbers, the real line is usually denoted by the symbol R (or alternatively, , the letter "R" in blackboard bold). However, it is sometimes denoted R 1 or E 1 in order to emphasize its role as the first real space or first Euclidean space.