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v. t. e. In HTTP, " Referer " (a misspelling of " Referrer " [1]) is an optional HTTP header field that identifies the address of the web page (i.e., the URI or IRI) from which the resource has been requested. By checking the referrer, the server providing the new web page can see where the request originated. In the most common situation, this ...
WebSocket is a computer communications protocol, providing a simultaneous two-way communication channel over a single Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection. The WebSocket protocol was standardized by the IETF as RFC 6455 in 2011. The current specification allowing web applications to use this protocol is known as WebSockets. [1]
Browser security. Browser security is the application of Internet security to web browsers in order to protect networked data and computer systems from breaches of privacy or malware. Security exploits of browsers often use JavaScript, sometimes with cross-site scripting (XSS) [1] with a secondary payload using Adobe Flash. [2]
Proxy server. Communication between two computers connected through a third computer acting as a proxy server. This can protect Alice's privacy, as Bob only knows about the proxy and cannot identify or contact Alice directly. In computer networking, a proxy server is a server application that acts as an intermediary between a client requesting ...
A circumvention tool, allowing traffic to bypass Internet filtering to access content otherwise blocked, e.g., by governments, workplaces, schools, and country-specific web services. [ 13 ] Since SOCKS is very detectable, a common approach is to present a SOCKS interface for more sophisticated protocols: The Tor onion proxy software presents a ...
A proxy auto-config (PAC) file defines how web browsers and other user agents can automatically choose the appropriate proxy server (access method) for fetching a given URL. A PAC file contains a JavaScript function FindProxyForURL(url, host). This function returns a string with one or more access method specifications.
DNS over HTTPS (DoH) is a protocol for performing remote Domain Name System (DNS) resolution via the HTTPS protocol. A goal of the method is to increase user privacy and security by preventing eavesdropping and manipulation of DNS data by man-in-the-middle attacks [1] by using the HTTPS protocol to encrypt the data between the DoH client and the DoH-based DNS resolver. [2]
Firewall (computing) In computing, a firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. [1][2] A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted network and an untrusted network, such as the Internet. [3]