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Halogenation. In chemistry, halogenation is a chemical reaction which introduces one or more halogens into a chemical compound. Halide -containing compounds are pervasive, making this type of transformation important, e.g. in the production of polymers, drugs. [1] This kind of conversion is in fact so common that a comprehensive overview is ...
Darzens halogenation. Darzens halogenation is the chemical synthesis of alkyl halides from alcohols via the treatment upon reflux of a large excess of thionyl chloride or thionyl bromide (SOX 2) in the presence of a small amount of a nitrogen base, such as a tertiary amine or pyridine or its corresponding hydrochloride or hydrobromide salt.
The Darzens reaction (also known as the Darzens condensation or glycidic ester condensation) is the chemical reaction of a ketone or aldehyde with an α-haloester in the presence of a base to form an α,β- epoxy ester, also called a "glycidic ester". [1][2][3] This reaction was discovered by the organic chemist Auguste Georges Darzens in 1904 ...
Hydrohalogenation. A hydrohalogenation reaction is the electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides like hydrogen chloride or hydrogen bromide to alkenes to yield the corresponding haloalkanes. [1][2][3] If the two carbon atoms at the double bond are linked to a different number of hydrogen atoms, the halogen is found preferentially at the carbon ...
Electrophilic halogenation. In organic chemistry, an electrophilic aromatic halogenation is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. This organic reaction is typical of aromatic compounds and a very useful method for adding substituents to an aromatic system. A few types of aromatic compounds, such as phenol, will react without a catalyst ...
Free-radical halogenation. In organic chemistry, free-radical halogenation is a type of halogenation. This chemical reaction is typical of alkanes and alkyl -substituted aromatics under application of UV light. The reaction is used for the industrial synthesis of chloroform (CHCl 3), dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2), and hexachlorobutadiene.
Ketone halogenation. In organic chemistry, α-keto halogenation is a special type of halogenation. The reaction may be carried out under either acidic or basic conditions in an aqueous medium with the corresponding elemental halogen. In this way, chloride, bromide, and iodide (but notably not fluoride) functionality can be inserted selectively ...
Dehalogenation. In organic chemistry, dehalogenation is a set of chemical reactions that involve the cleavage of carbon - halogen bonds; as such, it is the inverse reaction of halogenation. Dehalogenations come in many varieties, including defluorination (removal of fluorine), dechlorination (removal of chlorine), debromination (removal of ...