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Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema 1930-1934. New York: Columbia University Press 1999. ISBN 0-231-11094-4. Jacobs, Lea. The Wages of Sin: Censorship and the Fallen Woman Film, 1928-1942. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press 1997 ISBN 0-520-20790-4. Jeff, Leonard L, & Simmons, Jerold L.
Pre-Code Hollywood. In this 1931 publicity photo, Dorothy Mackaill plays a secretary-turned-prostitute in Safe in Hell, a pre-Code Warner Bros. film. Pre-Code films such as The Public Enemy (1931) were able to feature criminal, anti-hero protagonists. Pre-Code Hollywood was an era in the American film industry that occurred between the ...
Anti-film censorship cartoon published in The Film Mercury magazine, circa 1926. Public outcry over perceived immorality in Hollywood and the movies, as well as the growing number of city and state censorship boards, led the movie studios to fear that federal regulations were not far off; so they created, in 1922, the Motion Pictures Producers and Distributors Association (which became the ...
The Motion Picture Production Code was a set of industry guidelines for the self-censorship of content that was applied to most motion pictures released by major studios in the United States from 1934 to 1968. It is also popularly known as the Hays Code, after Will H. Hays, president of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America ...
Pre-Code sex films explored women's issues and challenged the concept of marriage, and aggressive sexuality was the norm. The sexual subject matter of the uncensored period was found within many movie genres, most especially in dramas, crime films, exotic-adventure films, comedies and musicals.
Under each of these names, it rated films according to their suitability for viewing, assigning a code of A, B, or C, with that of C identified as "Condemned" for viewing by Catholics. The C rating was issued from 1933 until 1978. The Legion's ratings were applied to movies made in the United States as well as those imported from other countries.
Scarface. Paul Muni in the trailer for Scarface (1932), based on the life of Chicago gangster Al Capone. Due to battles with censors, the film was delayed for almost a year. [51] The most violent and controversial pre-Code gangster film was undoubtedly Scarface (1932). [52] [53] [54] Directed by Howard Hawks and starring Paul Muni as Tony ...
Film censorship. [1] Film censorship is the censorship of motion pictures, either through the excising of certain frames or scenes, or outright banning of films in their entirety. Film censorship typically occurs as a result of political or moral objections to a film's content; controversial content subject to censorship include the depiction ...