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History. Established in 1952, the Pakistan Army Act regulates the legal code within the military, mainly for prosecuting military personnel and associated civilians. An amendment in 1966, during Ayub Khan's tenure, extended its application to civilians, specifically those charged with inciting mutiny or accused of disseminating classified information and assaulting military infrastructure.
The Pakistan Army Amendment Bill 2023 aims to modify the clauses within the Pakistan Army Act of 1952. Its purpose is to establish the foundational framework for the establishment and continuous upkeep of the National Army. [1] The bill was approved by both the Senate and National Assembly and sent to President Arif Alvi for his signature.
Pakistan Army (Amendment) Act, 2020 seeks to amend the Pakistan Army Act, 1952. It provides a measure to President of Pakistan acting on advice of Prime Minister of Pakistan to extend the tenure of Chief of Army Staff (COAS) by three years. The amendment also bars the act of the extension of tenure from being challenged in any court. [1]
The Pakistan Army ( Urdu: پاکستان فوج, romanized : Pākistān Fãuj, pronounced [ˈpaːkɪstaːn faːɔːdʒ] ), commonly known as the Pak Army ( Urdu: پاک فوج, romanized : Pāk Fãuj) is the land service branch and the largest component of the Pakistan Armed Forces. The president of Pakistan is the supreme commander of the army.
Military courts in Pakistan are special courts in the country's judicial system and are set up to try civilians, especially in cases related to terrorism. These courts were established under the Pakistan Army Act 1952 as a response to the growing threat of terrorism and insurgency in the country. [1] [2]
§ 2(1)(d) of the Pakistan Army Act, 1952 Jawwad S. Khawaja v. Federation of Pakistan , PLD 2024 SC 337 (commonly referred to as the military courts case ), is a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in which it was held that the Constitution of Pakistan does not allow for the court-martial of civilians.
This Act may be called the Constitution (Twenty First Amendment) Act, 2015. It shall come into force at once. The provisions of this Amendment Act shall remain in force for a period of two years from the date of its commencement and shall cease to form part of the Constitution and shall stand repealed on the expiration of the said period.
The document was signed by Jagjit Singh Aurora and Pakistan's A. A. K. Niazi, who corroborated the surrender of 93,000 Pakistani soldiers — the world's largest surrender in terms of number of personnel since World War II. Despite the agreement, Pakistan did not formally recognize Bangladeshi sovereignty until February 1974.