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Trade unions in Egypt first emerged at the start of the 20th century, although organised collective action in the form of strikes undertaken by workers was recorded as early as 1882. [ 2 ] : 48 The Manual Trade Workers Union was founded in 1908 under the leadership of the Egyptian Nationalist Party in 1908.
The ETUF was founded in 1957 as a state-controlled union. Until 2011 all unions other than the ETUF were banned. [1] During the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 ETUF leaders were active in defending the Mubarak regime, including participating in attacks on peaceful protestors. [2]
The Egyptian Federation of Independent Trade Unions ( EFITU, also referred to as the Egyptian Independent Trade Union Federation [1]) was the first independent national trade union center to be founded following the 2011 Egyptian Revolution. Previously, independent trade unionism was illegal and almost all trade unions were under government ...
The Manual Trade Workers Union was founded under the leadership and umbrella of the Egyptian Nationalist Party in 1908. This was done for the purposes of establishing a national base of support for the party as it was previously composed mainly of upper class intellectuals. The word Niqaba distinguishes the organization as a union. The term ...
A group of trade union officials, led by al-Mudarrik, went on an indefinite hunger strike on June 12. The hunger strike, whilst failing to convince the government to adopt such a legislation, became highly publicised. [3] In the fall of 1939, a wave of layoffs affected the workers in Egypt, parallel to staggering cost of living and decline in ...
The Preamble of Convention 98 notes its adoption on 1 July 1949. After this the Convention covers, first, the rights of union members to organise independently, without interference by employers in article 1 to 3. Second, articles 4 to 6 require the positive creation of rights to collective bargaining, and that each member state's law promotes it.
"The Agadir Agreement" for the establishment of a free trade zone between the Arab Mediterranean Nations was signed in Rabat, Morocco on 25 February 2004. [3] [4] The agreement aimed at establishing free trade between Jordan, Tunisia, Egypt and Morocco which was seen as a first potential step in the formation of the Euro-Mediterranean free trade area as envisaged in the Barcelona Process.
Kamal Abbas. Kamal Abbas ( Egyptian Arabic: كمال عباس; born in 1955) is General Coordinator of the Center for Trade Unions and Workers Services (CTUWS), an activist group for independent unions in Egypt. [ 2] Involved in activism for over 20 years, [ 3] Abbas has been active in mobilizing worker support during the Egyptian Revolution of ...