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Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Problems in need of solutions range from simple personal tasks (e.g. how to turn on an appliance) to complex issues in business and technical fields. The former is an example of simple problem solving (SPS) addressing one issue ...
Algorithm. In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm ( / ˈælɡərɪðəm / ⓘ) is a finite sequence of mathematically rigorous instructions, typically used to solve a class of specific problems or to perform a computation. [1] Algorithms are used as specifications for performing calculations and data processing.
Crowdsourcing involves a large group of dispersed participants contributing or producing goods or services —including ideas, votes, micro-tasks, and finances—for payment or as volunteers. Contemporary crowdsourcing often involves digital platforms to attract and divide work between participants to achieve a cumulative result.
Creative problem-solving ( CPS) [1] is the mental process of searching for an original and previously unknown solution to a problem. To qualify, the solution must be novel and reached independently. [1] [2] The creative problem-solving process was originally developed by Alex Osborn and Sid Parnes. Creative problem solving (CPS) is a way of ...
Metacognition can take many forms, such as reflecting on one's ways of thinking and knowing when and how oneself and others use particular strategies for problem-solving. [1] [2] There are generally two components of metacognition: (1) cognitive conceptions and (2) cognitive regulation system.
In English, TRIZ is typically rendered as the theory of inventive problem solving. TRIZ developed from a foundation of research into hundreds of thousands of inventions in many fields to produce an approach which defines patterns in inventive solutions and the characteristics of the problems these inventions have overcome.
Ariadne's thread, named for the legend of Ariadne, is solving a problem which has multiple apparent ways to proceed—such as a physical maze, a logic puzzle, or an ethical dilemma —through an exhaustive application of logic to all available routes. It is the particular method used that is able to follow completely through to trace steps or ...
General Problem Solver. General Problem Solver ( GPS) is a computer program created in 1957 by Herbert A. Simon, J. C. Shaw, and Allen Newell ( RAND Corporation) intended to work as a universal problem solver machine. In contrast to the former Logic Theorist project, the GPS works with means–ends analysis.