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2. Comparison of open-source and closed-source software

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source...

   A license, whether providing open-source code or not, that does not stipulate the "four software freedoms", [3] are not considered "free" by the free software movement. A closed source license is one that limits only the availability of the source code. By contrast a copyleft license claims to protect the "four software freedoms" by explicitly ...

3. List of free and open-source software packages - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_and_open...

   This is a list of free and open-source software packages, computer software licensed under free software licenses and open-source licenses.Software that fits the Free Software Definition may be more appropriately called free software; the GNU project in particular objects to their works being referred to as open-source.

4. Mach (kernel) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mach_(kernel)

   Mach ( / mɑːk /) [1] is a kernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University by Richard Rashid and Avie Tevanian to support operating system research, primarily distributed and parallel computing. Mach is often considered one of the earliest examples of a microkernel. However, not all versions of Mach are microkernels.

5. Mac operating systems - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_operating_systems

   The current Mac operating system is macOS, originally named "Mac OS X" until 2012 and then "OS X" until 2016. [3] It was developed between 1997 and 2001 after Apple's purchase of NeXT. It brought an entirely new architecture based on NeXTSTEP, a Unix system, that eliminated many of the technical challenges that the classic Mac OS faced, such as ...

6. Robot Operating System - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_Operating_System

   Robot Operating System (ROS or ros) is an open-source robotics middleware suite. Although ROS is not an operating system (OS) but a set of software frameworks for robot software development , it provides services designed for a heterogeneous computer cluster such as hardware abstraction , low-level device control , implementation of commonly ...

7. Linux kernel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel

   The Linux kernel is a free and open-source, [12] : 4 UNIX-like kernel that is used in many computer systems worldwide. The kernel was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and soon after was adopted as the kernel for the GNU operating system (OS) which was created to be a free replacement for Unix .

8. Embedded operating system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_operating_system

   An Embedded Operating System (EOS) is an operating system designed specifically for embedded computer systems. These systems aim to enhance functionality and reliability to perform dedicated tasks. [1] When the multitasking method employed allows for timely task execution, such an OS may qualify as a real-time operating system (RTOS).

9. Haiku (operating system) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiku_(operating_system)

   Haiku, originally OpenBeOS, is a free and open-source operating system for personal computers. It is a community-driven continuation of BeOS and aims to be binary-compatible with it, but is largely a reimplementation with the exception of certain components like the Deskbar. [7] The Haiku project began in 2001, supported by the nonprofit Haiku ...