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  2. Machine code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_code

    In computer programming, machine code is computer code consisting of machine language instructions, which are used to control a computer's central processing unit (CPU). Although decimal computers were once common, the contemporary marketplace is dominated by binary computers ; for those computers, machine code is "the binary representation of ...

  3. Assembly language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_language

    In computer programming, assembly language (alternatively assembler language or symbolic machine code), often referred to simply as assembly and commonly abbreviated as ASM or asm, is any low-level programming language with a very strong correspondence between the instructions in the language and the architecture's machine code instructions.

  4. Computer programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming

    Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. [1] [2] It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages. Programmers typically use high-level programming ...

  5. History of programming languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_programming...

    The first functioning programming languages designed to communicate instructions to a computer were written in the early 1950s. John Mauchly 's Short Code, proposed in 1949, was one of the first high-level languages ever developed for an electronic computer. [8] Unlike machine code, Short Code statements represented mathematical expressions in ...

  6. Low-level programming language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-level_programming_language

    Low-level programming language. A low-level programming language is a programming language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set architecture —commands or functions in the language map that are structurally similar to processor's instructions. Generally, this refers to either machine code or assembly language.

  7. First-generation programming language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-generation...

    A first generation (programming) language (1GL) is a grouping of programming languages that are machine level languages used to program first-generation computers. Originally, no translator was used to compile or assemble the first-generation language. The first-generation programming instructions were entered through the front panel switches ...

  8. Native (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_(computing)

    Machine code, also known as native code, is a program which is written in machine language. Machine code is usually considered the lowest level of code for a computer, that, in its lowest level form, is written in binary (0s and 1s), but is often written in hexadecimal or octal to make it a little easier to handle. [5]

  9. x86 assembly language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_assembly_language

    x86 assembly language is the name for the family of assembly languages which provide some level of backward compatibility with CPUs back to the Intel 8008 microprocessor, which was launched in April 1972. [1] [2] It is used to produce object code for the x86 class of processors. Regarded as a programming language, assembly is machine-specific ...