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The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known by its original name Rijndael (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛindaːl]), [ 5 ] is a specification for the encryption of electronic data established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001. [ 6 ]
Six common block cipher modes of operation for encrypting. In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or authenticity. [ 1 ] A block cipher by itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of ...
GCM uses a block cipher with block size 128 bits (commonly AES-128) operated in counter mode for encryption, and uses arithmetic in the Galois field GF(2 128) to compute the authentication tag; hence the name. Galois Message Authentication Code (GMAC) is an authentication-only variant of the GCM which can form an incremental message ...
Advanced Encryption Standard process. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), the symmetric block cipher ratified as a standard by National Institute of Standards and Technology of the United States (NIST), was chosen using a process lasting from 1997 to 2000 that was markedly more open and transparent than its predecessor, the Data Encryption ...
AES key schedule. The Advanced Encryption Standard uses a key schedule to expand a short key into a number of separate round keys. The three AES variants have a different number of rounds. Each variant requires a separate 128-bit round key for each round plus one more. [note 1] The key schedule produces the needed round keys from the initial key.
The Rijndael S-box was specifically designed to be resistant to linear and differential cryptanalysis. This was done by minimizing the correlation between linear transformations of input/output bits, and at the same time minimizing the difference propagation probability. The Rijndael S-box can be replaced in the Rijndael cipher, [1] which ...
SocialDocs file encryption uses AES256 to provide a free-online file encryption tool; XFire uses AES-128, AES-192 and AES 256 to encrypt usernames and passwords; Certain games and engines, such as the Rockstar Advanced Game Engine used in Grand Theft Auto IV, use AES to encrypt game assets in order to deter hacking in multiplayer.
Block cipher. In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.