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  2. Model output statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_output_statistics

    Model output statistics. In weather forecasting, model output statistics ( MOS) is a multiple linear regression technique in which predictands, often near-surface quantities (such as two-meter-above-ground-level air temperature, horizontal visibility, and wind direction, speed and gusts ), are related statistically to one or more predictors.

  3. Global Forecast System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Forecast_System

    The GFS model is a FV3 model with an approximate horizontal resolution of 13 km for the days 0-16 days. In the vertical, the model is divided into 127 layers and extends to the mesopause (roughly ~80 km), and temporally, it produces forecast output every hour for the first 120 hours, [1] three hourly through day 10, and 12 hourly through day 16.

  4. Atmospheric model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_model

    Atmospheric model. A 96-hour forecast of 850 mbar geopotential height and temperature from the Global Forecast System. In atmospheric science, an atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive, dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations ...

  5. Integrated Forecast System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Forecast_System

    Integrated Forecast System. The Integrated Forecasting System ( IFS) is a global numerical weather prediction system jointly developed and maintained by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) based in Reading, England, and Météo-France based in Toulouse. [1] The version of the IFS run at ECMWF is often referred to as ...

  6. History of numerical weather prediction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_numerical...

    During this time, the AVN model was extended to the end of the forecast period, eliminating the need of the MRF and thereby replacing it. In late 2002, the AVN model was renamed the Global Forecast System (GFS). The German Weather Service has been running their global hydrostatic model, the GME, using a hexagonal icosahedral grid since 2002.

  7. Numerical weather prediction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_weather_prediction

    The ENIAC main control panel at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering operated by Betty Jennings and Frances Bilas. The history of numerical weather prediction began in the 1920s through the efforts of Lewis Fry Richardson, who used procedures originally developed by Vilhelm Bjerknes to produce by hand a six-hour forecast for the state of the atmosphere over two points in central Europe ...

  8. Rapid Refresh (weather prediction) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_Refresh_(weather...

    The Rapid Refresh ( RR or RAP) is a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. The model is designed to provide short-range hourly weather forecasts for North America. The Rapid Refresh was officially made operational on 1 May 2012, replacing the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC). The model also serves as the boundary conditions for the higher-resolution ...

  9. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Centre_for_Medium...

    The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by most of the nations of Europe. It is based at three sites: Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom; Bologna, Italy; and Bonn, Germany. It operates one of the largest supercomputer complexes in Europe and the world's ...