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Asset and liability management (often abbreviated ALM) is the practice of managing financial risks that arise due to mismatches between the assets and liabilities as part of an investment strategy in financial accounting . ALM sits between risk management and strategic planning. It is focused on a long-term perspective rather than mitigating ...
Willingness to accept. In economics, willingness to accept ( WTA) is the minimum monetary amount that а person is willing to accept to sell a good or service, or to bear a negative externality, such as pollution. [1] This is in contrast to willingness to pay ( WTP ), which is the maximum amount of money a consumer (a buyer) is willing to ...
F.A. Hayek, an Austrian-style economist described Keynesianism as a system of "economics of abundance" stating it is, "a system of economics which is based on the assumption that no real scarcity exists, and that the only scarcity with which we need concern ourselves is the artificial scarcity created by the determination of people not to sell ...
A normal anion gap range is typically 4-12 mEq/L. That means your blood pH level is healthy and balanced. A neutral pH level is 7.0. But because your blood is made of 90% water, blood is naturally ...
In economics, Okun's law is an empirically observed relationship between unemployment and losses in a country's production. It is named after Arthur Melvin Okun, who first proposed the relationship in 1962. [1] The "gap version" states that for every 1% increase in the unemployment rate, a country's GDP will be roughly an additional 2% lower ...
The economic model defines disability in terms of reduced ability to work, the related loss of productivity and economic effects on the individual, employer and society in general. [58] The empowering model (also, customer model or Supported decision making ) allows for the person with a disability and his/her family to decide the course of his ...
Other side effects. In some people, metformin leads to poor absorption of vitamin B12. That can lead to a vitamin B12 deficiency, though this only occurs after long-term medication use. Taking ...
Immunization can be accomplished by several methods, including cash flow matching, duration matching, and volatility and convexity matching. It can also be accomplished by trading in bond forwards, futures, or options. Other types of financial risks, such as foreign exchange risk or stock market risk, can be immunised using similar strategies.