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A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government . The term bureaucrat derives from "bureaucracy", which in turn derives from the French "bureaucratie" first known from the 18th century. [1]
Law. Bureaucracy ( / bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi /; bure-OK-rə-see) is a system of organisation where decisions are made by a body of non-elected officials. [1] Historically, a bureaucracy was a government administration managed by departments staffed with non-elected officials. [2] Today, bureaucracy is the administrative system governing any large ...
Street-level bureaucracy is the subset of a public agency or government institution where the civil servants work who have direct contact with members of the general public. Street-level civil servants carry out and/or enforce the actions required by a government's laws and public policies, in areas ranging from safety and security to education ...
As stated by political scientist Samuel Krislov, representative bureaucracy is a notion that "broad social groups should have spokesman and officeholders in administrative as well as political positions". With this notion, representative bureaucracy is a form of representation that captures most or all aspects of a society's population in the ...
The vast Byzantine bureaucracy had many titles, more varied than aristocratic and military titles. In Constantinople there were normally hundreds, if not thousands, of bureaucrats at any time. Like members of the Church and the military, they wore elaborately differentiated dress, often including huge hats.
Central to the concept of an iron triangle is the assumption that bureaucratic agencies, as political entities, seek to create and consolidate their own power base. [6] In this view an agency's (such as State-owned enterprises of the United States , Independent agencies of the United States government or Regulatory agency ) power is determined ...
The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government 's departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 ( 5 U.S.C. § 2101 ). [1] U.S. state and local government entities often have comparable civil ...
Bureaucratic drift in American political science is a theory that seeks to explain the tendency for bureaucratic agencies to create policy that deviates from the original mandate. [1] [2] [3] The difference between a bureaucracy's enactment of a law and the legislature's intent is called bureaucratic drift. [4] [5] Legislation is produced by ...