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Collateral estoppel (CE), known in modern terminology as issue preclusion, is a common law estoppel doctrine that prevents a person from relitigating an issue. One summary is that, "once a court has decided an issue of fact or law necessary to its judgment, that decision ... preclude[s] relitigation of the issue in a suit on a different cause of action involving a party to the first case".
Collateral management is the method of granting, verifying, and giving advice on collateral transactions in order to reduce credit risk in unsecured financial transactions. The fundamental idea of collateral management is very simple, that is cash or securities are passed from one counterparty to another as security for a credit exposure. [9]
Direct estoppel. Introduction: Issue Preclusion. The doctrine of direct estoppel prevents a party to litigation from relitigating an issue that was decided against that party. [1] Direct estoppel and collateral estoppel are part of the larger doctrine of issues preclusion. [2] Issue preclusion means that a party cannot litigate the same issue ...
Credit Support Annex. A Credit Support Annex ( CSA) is a legal document that regulates credit support ( collateral) for derivative transactions. Effectively, a CSA defines the terms under which collateral is posted or transferred between swap counterparties to mitigate the credit risk arising from in the money derivative positions.
Collateral for a small business loan is an asset or assets that a business owner promises to hand over to a lender if they fail to repay the loan. Collateral acts as security for the loan, which ...
A carry-skip adder [nb 1] (also known as a carry-bypass adder) is an adder implementation that improves on the delay of a ripple-carry adder with little effort compared to other adders. The improvement of the worst-case delay is achieved by using several carry-skip adders to form a block-carry-skip adder. Unlike other fast adders, carry-skip ...
Skiptrace. Skiptracing is the process of locating a person's whereabouts. Skiptracing tactics may be employed by a skip tracer, contact tracer (in a public health context), debt collector, process server, bail bondsman or bail agency enforcer ( bounty hunter ), repossession agent, private investigator, lawyer, police detective, journalist ...
The Tokyo firebombing killed around 100,000 civilians, but the city's industrial productivity—the primary target of the bombing—was cut in half. Collateral damage is any incidental and undesired death, injury or other damage inflicted, especially on civilians, as the result of an activity. Originally coined to describe military operations ...