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Supervised learning. Supervised learning ( SL) is a paradigm in machine learning where input objects (for example, a vector of predictor variables) and a desired output value (also known as human-labeled supervisory signal) train a model. The training data is processed, building a function that maps new data on expected output values. [1]
A support-vector machine is a supervised learning model that divides the data into regions separated by a linear boundary. Here, the linear boundary divides the black circles from the white. Supervised learning algorithms build a mathematical model of a set of data that contains both the inputs and the desired outputs.
Machine learning is commonly separated into three main learning paradigms, supervised learning, unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning. Each corresponds to a particular learning task. Supervised learning. Supervised learning uses a set of paired inputs and desired outputs. The learning task is to produce the desired output for each input.
Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a paradigm in machine learning where a model is trained on a task using the data itself to generate supervisory signals, rather than relying on external labels provided by humans. In the context of neural networks, self-supervised learning aims to leverage inherent structures or relationships within the input ...
In particular, three data sets are commonly used in different stages of the creation of the model: training, validation, and test sets. The model is initially fit on a training data set, [3] which is a set of examples used to fit the parameters (e.g. weights of connections between neurons in artificial neural networks) of the model. [4]
Statistical learning theory is a framework for machine learning drawing from the fields of statistics and functional analysis. [1] [2] [3] Statistical learning theory deals with the statistical inference problem of finding a predictive function based on data. Statistical learning theory has led to successful applications in fields such as ...
Online learning is a common technique used in areas of machine learning where it is computationally infeasible to train over the entire dataset, requiring the need of out-of-core algorithms. It is also used in situations where it is necessary for the algorithm to dynamically adapt to new patterns in the data, or when the data itself is ...
v. t. e. Decision tree learning is a supervised learning approach used in statistics, data mining and machine learning. In this formalism, a classification or regression decision tree is used as a predictive model to draw conclusions about a set of observations. Tree models where the target variable can take a discrete set of values are called ...