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Atmospheric model. A 96-hour forecast of 850 mbar geopotential height and temperature from the Global Forecast System. In atmospheric science, an atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive, dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations ...
Global Environmental Multiscale Model. The Global Environmental Multiscale Model ( GEM ), often known as the CMC model in North America, is an integrated forecasting and data assimilation system developed in the Recherche en Prévision Numérique (RPN), Meteorological Research Branch (MRB), and the Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC).
The Climate Forecast System or coupled forecast system ( CFS) is a medium to long range numerical weather prediction and a climate model run by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) to bridge weather and climate timescales. [1] Version 2 became operational as CFSv2 in 2011.
As such, the idea of numerical weather prediction is to sample the state of the fluid at a given time and use the equations of fluid dynamics and thermodynamics to estimate the state of the fluid at some time in the future. The process of entering observation data into the model to generate initial conditions is called initialization.
The Weather Research and Forecasting ( WRF) Model [1] ( / ˈwɔːrf /) is a numerical weather prediction (NWP) system designed to serve both atmospheric research and operational forecasting needs. NWP refers to the simulation and prediction of the atmosphere with a computer model, and WRF is a set of software for this.
The Unified Model is a numerical weather prediction and climate modeling software suite originally developed by the United Kingdom Met Office, [1] [2] and now both used and further developed by many weather-forecasting agencies around the world. [3] The Unified Model gets its name because a single model is used across a range of both timescales ...
Model output statistics. In weather forecasting, model output statistics ( MOS) is a multiple linear regression technique in which predictands, often near-surface quantities (such as two-meter-above-ground-level air temperature, horizontal visibility, and wind direction, speed and gusts ), are related statistically to one or more predictors.
Atmospheric reanalysis. An atmospheric reanalysis (also: meteorological reanalysis and climate reanalysis) is a meteorological and climate data assimilation project which aims to assimilate historical atmospheric observational data spanning an extended period, using a single consistent assimilation (or "analysis") scheme throughout.