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To my love, Kanmani) is a song from the Tamil film Gunaa (1991) composed by Ilaiyaraaja, written by Vaali and sung by Kamal Haasan and S. Janaki. [2] The song was noticed for having dialogues interspersed between the lines, [ 3 ] and it was notably one of the few conversational songs in Tamil cinema.
Fluid friction describes the friction between layers of a viscous fluid that are moving relative to each other. [4] [5] Lubricated friction is a case of fluid friction where a lubricant fluid separates two solid surfaces. [6] [7] [8] Skin friction is a component of drag, the force resisting the motion of a fluid across the surface of a body.
In astrophysics, dynamical friction or Chandrasekhar friction, sometimes called gravitational drag, is loss of momentum and kinetic energy of moving bodies through gravitational interactions with surrounding matter in space. It was first discussed in detail by Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar in 1943. [1][2][3]
Friction loss is a significant engineering concern wherever fluids are made to flow, whether entirely enclosed in a pipe or duct, or with a surface open to the air. Historically, it is a concern in aqueducts of all kinds, throughout human history. It is also relevant to sewer lines. Systematic study traces back to Henry Darcy, an aqueduct engineer.
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Heat is generated by friction between the rotating tool and the workpiece material, which leads to a softened region near the FSW tool.
Shear velocity. Shear velocity, also called friction velocity, is a form by which a shear stress may be re-written in units of velocity. It is useful as a method in fluid mechanics to compare true velocities, such as the velocity of a flow in a stream, to a velocity that relates shear between layers of flow. Shear velocity is used to describe ...
Since the shearing flow is opposed by friction between adjacent layers of fluid (which are in relative motion), a force is required to sustain the motion of the upper plate. The relative strength of this force is a measure of the fluid's viscosity. In a general parallel flow, the shear stress is proportional to the gradient of the velocity.
The word comes from the French massage 'friction of kneading', [12] which, in turn, comes either from the Arabic word مَسَّ massa meaning 'to touch, feel', [13] the Portuguese amassar 'knead', from the Latin massa meaning 'mass, dough', [14] or the Greek verb μάσσω (massō) 'to handle, touch, to work with the hands, to knead dough'.