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A proxy server may reside on the user's local computer, or at any point between the user's computer and destination servers on the Internet. A proxy server that passes unmodified requests and responses is usually called a gateway or sometimes a tunneling proxy. A forward proxy is an Internet-facing proxy used to retrieve data from a wide range ...
nginx .org. Nginx (pronounced "engine x" [8] / ˌɛndʒɪnˈɛks / EN-jin-EKS, stylized as NGINX or nginx) is a web server that can also be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy and HTTP cache. The software was created by Russian developer Igor Sysoev and publicly released in 2004. [9]
On 4 August 2016, a Moscow court ruled that LinkedIn must be blocked in Russia because it stores the user data of Russian citizens outside of the country, in violation of the new data retention law. This ban was upheld on 10 November 2016. [51] and the ban was officially issued by Roskomnadzor on 17 November 2016.
This is a list of proxy wars. Major powers have been highlighted in bold. Major powers have been highlighted in bold. A proxy war is defined as "a war fought between groups of smaller countries that each represent the interests of other larger powers, and may have help and support from these".
Cyberwarfare by Russia. Cyberwarfare by Russia includes denial of service attacks, hacker attacks, dissemination of disinformation and propaganda, participation of state-sponsored teams in political blogs, internet surveillance using SORM technology, persecution of cyber-dissidents and other active measures. [1]
Tor [6] is a free overlay network for enabling anonymous communication. Built on free and open-source software and more than seven thousand volunteer-operated relays worldwide, users can have their Internet traffic routed via a random path through the network. [7] [8]
Internet censorship circumvention. Internet censorship circumvention, also referred to as going over the wall ( Chinese: 翻墙; pinyin: fān qiáng) [1] [2] or scientific browsing ( Chinese: 科学上网; pinyin: kēxué shàngwǎng) [3] in China, is the use of various methods and tools to bypass internet censorship . There are many different ...
A virtual private network ( VPN) service provides a proxy server to help users bypass Internet censorship such as geo-blocking and users who want to protect their communications against data profiling or MitM attacks on hostile networks. A wide variety of entities provide "VPNs" for several purposes. But depending on the provider and the ...