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Active Directory (AD) is a directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows domain networks. Windows Server operating systems include it as a set of processes and services . [1] [2] Originally, only centralized domain management used Active Directory.
Computers inside an Active Directory domain can be assigned into organizational units according to location, organizational structure, or other factors. In the original Windows Server Domain system (shipped with Windows NT 3.x/4), machines could only be viewed in two states from the administration tools; computers detected (on the network), and ...
In computing, a directory service or name service maps the names of network resources to their respective network addresses.It is a shared information infrastructure for locating, managing, administering and organizing everyday items and network resources, which can include volumes, folders, files, printers, users, groups, devices, telephone numbers and other objects.
The software and operating system used to run a domain controller usually consists of several key components shared across platforms. This includes the operating system (usually Windows Server or Linux ), an LDAP service ( Red Hat Directory Server , etc.), a network time service ( ntpd , chrony , etc.), and a computer network authentication ...
For example in Active Directory Kerberos is used in the authentication step, while LDAP is used in the authorization step. An example of such data model is the GLUE Schema, [26] which is used in a distributed information system based on LDAP that enable users, applications and services to discover which services exist in a Grid infrastructure ...
On Microsoft Servers, a domain controller (DC) is a server computer that responds to security authentication requests (logging in, etc.) within a Windows domain. A domain is a concept introduced in Windows NT whereby a user may be granted access to a number of computer resources with the use of a single username and password combination.
Directory services were seen as a crucial strategic key to staying relevant in the networking marketplace. It was also one where Novell had a lead over Microsoft, as the latter's Active Directory was not yet out. Then with UnixWare gone, Novell focused on major upgrades to its core NetWare-based network operating system.
Samba is a free software re-implementation of the SMB networking protocol, and was originally developed by Andrew Tridgell.Samba provides file and print services for various Microsoft Windows clients and can integrate with a Microsoft Windows Server domain, either as a Domain Controller (DC) or as a domain member.