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Python 2.7+ also supports set comprehensions and dictionary comprehensions. First-class functions. In Python, functions are first-class objects that can be created and passed around dynamically. Python's limited support for anonymous functions is the lambda construct. An example is the anonymous function which squares its input, called with the ...
Computational problem. In theoretical computer science, a computational problem is a problem that may be solved by an algorithm. For example, the problem of factoring. "Given a positive integer n, find a nontrivial prime factor of n ." is a computational problem. A computational problem can be viewed as a set of instances or cases together with ...
The eight queens puzzle is a special case of the more general n queens problem of placing n non-attacking queens on an n × n chessboard. Solutions exist for all natural numbers n with the exception of n = 2 and n = 3. Although the exact number of solutions is only known for n ≤ 27, the asymptotic growth rate of the number of solutions is ...
The subset sum problem (SSP) is a decision problem in computer science. In its most general formulation, there is a multiset of integers and a target-sum , and the question is to decide whether any subset of the integers sum to precisely . [1] The problem is known to be NP-complete. Moreover, some restricted variants of it are NP-completene too ...
Travelling Salesman, by director Timothy Lanzone, is the story of four mathematicians hired by the U.S. government to solve the most elusive problem in computer-science history: P vs. NP. Solutions to the problem are used by mathematician Bob Bosche in a subgenre called TSP art. See also. Canadian traveller problem; Exact algorithm
A greedy algorithm is any algorithm that follows the problem-solving heuristic of making the locally optimal choice at each stage. [1] In many problems, a greedy strategy does not produce an optimal solution, but a greedy heuristic can yield locally optimal solutions that approximate a globally optimal solution in a reasonable amount of time.
Sequential quadratic programming. Sequential quadratic programming ( SQP) is an iterative method for constrained nonlinear optimization which may be considered a quasi-Newton method. SQP methods are used on mathematical problems for which the objective function and the constraints are twice continuously differentiable, but not necessarily convex.
The most common problem being solved is the 0-1 knapsack problem, which restricts the number of copies of each kind of item to zero or one. Given a set of n {\displaystyle n} items numbered from 1 up to n {\displaystyle n} , each with a weight w i {\displaystyle w_{i}} and a value v i {\displaystyle v_{i}} , along with a maximum weight capacity ...