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Serge Massar was born in Zambia in 1970. [2] He obtained a degree in physics, then a PhD from the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) in 1991 and 1995, respectively. [2] He completed his post-doctoral research at Tel Aviv University from 1995 to 1997, and subsequently at Utrecht University from 1997 to 1998. [2] [3]
Message authentication code. In cryptography, a message authentication code ( MAC ), sometimes known as an authentication tag, is a short piece of information used for authenticating and integrity -checking a message. In other words, to confirm that the message came from the stated sender (its authenticity) and has not been changed (its integrity).
Description. Message authentication or data origin authentication is an information security property that indicates that a message has not been modified while in transit ( data integrity) and that the receiving party can verify the source of the message. [1] Message authentication does not necessarily include the property of non-repudiation.
Mutual authentication or two-way authentication (not to be confused with two-factor authentication) refers to two parties authenticating each other at the same time in an authentication protocol. It is a default mode of authentication in some protocols ( IKE, SSH) and optional in others ( TLS ). Mutual authentication is a desired characteristic ...
Multi-factor authentication ( MFA; two-factor authentication, or 2FA, along with similar terms) is an electronic authentication method in which a user is granted access to a website or application only after successfully presenting two or more pieces of evidence (or factors) to an authentication mechanism. MFA protects personal data —which ...
In cryptography, an HMAC (sometimes expanded as either keyed-hash message authentication code or hash-based message authentication code) is a specific type of message authentication code (MAC) involving a cryptographic hash function and a secret cryptographic key. As with any MAC, it may be used to simultaneously verify both the data integrity ...
Add an extra security step to sign into your account with 2-step verification. Find out how to turn on 2-step verification and receive a verification code, and how to turn off 2-step verification if you need to.
Passwordless authentication. Passwordless authentication is an authentication method in which a user can log in to a computer system without the entering (and having to remember) a password or any other knowledge-based secret. In most common implementations users are asked to enter their public identifier (username, phone number, email address ...