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Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an African-American revolutionary, Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of Islam (NOI) until 1964, he was a vocal advocate for Black empowerment and ...
See media help. " The Ballot or the Bullet " is the title of a public speech by human rights activist Malcolm X. In the speech, which was delivered on two occasions the first being April 3, 1964, at the Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio, [1] and the second being on April 12, 1964, at the King Solomon Baptist Church, in Detroit, Michigan. [2]
Analysis. "Message to the Grass Roots" was one of Malcolm X's last speeches as a member of the Nation of Islam. A few weeks after delivering the speech, Elijah Muhammad, the Nation's leader, silenced Malcolm X for comments he made with respect to the assassination of President Kennedy. [1] On March 8, 1964, Malcolm X announced his departure ...
The mere existence of the jazzy “X: The Life and Times of Malcolm X” — the third opera by a Black composer in Metropolitan Opera history — is sure to attract many African-Americans who may ...
Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention is a biography of Malcolm X written by American historian Manning Marable. It won the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for History.. Pulitzer.org described this as "an exploration of the legendary life and provocative views of one of the most significant African-Americans in U.S. history, a work that separates fact from fiction and blends the heroic and tragic."
Nation of Islam leader Malcolm X has also been widely accused of being antisemitic. [139] [140] His autobiography contains several antisemitic charges and caricatures of Jews . [141] Alex Haley , his co-author, had to make rewrites to eliminate a number of negative statements about Jews in the manuscript. [142]
Malcolm Shabazz (grandson) [1] Betty Shabazz (born Betty Dean Sanders; [2] May 28, 1934/1936 [a] – June 23, 1997), also known as Betty X, was an American educator and civil rights advocate. She was married to Malcolm X . Shabazz grew up in Detroit, Michigan, where her foster parents largely sheltered her from racism.
Malcolm X Liberation University (or MXLU) was an experimental educational institution inspired by the Black Power and Pan-Africanist movements and located in Durham and Greensboro, North Carolina. Howard Fuller (also known as Owusu Sadaukai), Bertie Howard, and several other African American activists in North Carolina founded the school in ...