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Unix ( / ˈjuːnɪks / ⓘ, YOO-niks; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multi-user computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, whose development started in 1969 [1] at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.
A Linux-based system is a modular Unix-like operating system, deriving much of its basic design from principles established in Unix during the 1970s and 1980s. Such a system uses a monolithic kernel , the Linux kernel, which handles process control, networking, access to the peripherals , and file systems .
The history of Unix dates back to the mid-1960s, when the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, AT&T Bell Labs, and General Electric were jointly developing an experimental time-sharing operating system called Multics for the GE-645 mainframe. [1] Multics introduced many innovations, but also had many problems.
Unix shell. A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems. The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language, and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system using shell scripts. [2]
A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system intended for applications with fixed deadlines ( real-time computing ). Such applications include some small embedded systems, automobile engine controllers, industrial robots, spacecraft, industrial control, and some large-scale computing systems.
History. Brian Fox began coding Bash on January 10, 1988, after Richard Stallman became dissatisfied with the lack of progress being made by a prior developer. Stallman and the Free Software Foundation (FSF) considered a free shell that could run existing shell scripts so strategic to a completely free system built from BSD and GNU code that this was one of the few projects they funded ...
3BSD (1979) UNIX System III (1981) UNIX/V7M (1979) UNIX Time-Sharing System v8 (1985) UNIX Time-Sharing System v9 (1986) UNIX Time-Sharing System v10 (1989) IX Multilevel-Secure UNIX System (1992) The versions leading to v7 are also sometimes called Ancient UNIX. After the release of Version 10, the Unix research team at Bell Labs turned its ...
The Linux Programming Interface is a well-regarded [3] work on Linux systems programming and is available for readers in several languages. [4] The Linux kernel API to userspace discussed in the book consists of both the System Call Interface and the GNU C Library. In-kernel APIs are not discussed in the book, neither are ABIs.