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Open access. Open access logo, originally designed by Public Library of Science. A PhD Comics introduction to open access. Open access ( OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, free of access charges or other barriers. [1]
Open science is the movement to make scientific research (including publications, data, physical samples, and software) and its dissemination accessible to all levels of society, amateur or professional. [2] [3] Open science is transparent and accessible knowledge that is shared and developed through collaborative networks. [4]
Web science is an emerging interdisciplinary field concerned with the study of large-scale socio-technical systems, particularly the World Wide Web. [1] [2] It considers the relationship between people and technology, the ways that society and technology co-constitute one another and the impact of this co-constitution on broader society.
The Semantic Web, sometimes known as Web 3.0 (not to be confused with Web3 ), is an extension of the World Wide Web through standards [1] set by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The goal of the Semantic Web is to make Internet data machine-readable. To enable the encoding of semantics with the data, technologies such as Resource Description ...
List of academic databases and search engines. This article contains a representative list of notable databases and search engines useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles in academic journals, institutional repositories, archives, or other collections of scientific and other articles. Databases and search engines differ ...
t. e. Internet access is a facility or service that provides connectivity for a computer, a computer network, or other network device to the Internet, and for individuals or organizations to access or use applications such as email and the World Wide Web. Internet access is offered for sale by an international hierarchy of Internet service ...
Cloud computing [1] is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage ( cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. [2] Large clouds often have functions distributed over multiple locations, each of which is a data center.
Scientific literature encompasses a vast body of academic papers that spans various disciplines within the natural and social sciences. It primarily consists of academic papers that present original empirical research and theoretical contributions. These papers serve as essential sources of knowledge and are commonly referred to simply as ...