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Log wind profile. The log wind profile is a semi-empirical relationship commonly used to describe the vertical distribution of horizontal mean wind speeds within the lowest portion of the planetary boundary layer. The relationship is well described in the literature. [1]
The roughness length plays a part in determining the slope of the line. Roughness length ( ) is a parameter of some vertical wind profile equations that model the horizontal mean wind speed near the ground. In the log wind profile, it is equivalent to the height at which the wind speed theoretically becomes zero in the absence of wind-slowing ...
The wind profile power law relationship is. where is the wind speed (in metres per second) at height (in metres), and is the known wind speed at a reference height . The exponent ( ) is an empirically derived coefficient that varies dependent upon the stability of the atmosphere. For neutral stability conditions, is approximately 1/7, or 0.143.
Torricelli's law, also known as Torricelli's theorem, is a theorem in fluid dynamics relating the speed of fluid flowing from an orifice to the height of fluid above the opening. The law states that the speed of efflux of a fluid through a sharp-edged hole at the bottom of the tank filled to a depth is the same as the speed that a body would ...
The preferred walking speed is the speed at which humans or animals choose to walk. Many people tend to walk at about 1.42 metres per second (5.1 km/h; 3.2 mph; 4.7 ft/s). [1] [2] [3] Individuals find slower or faster speeds uncomfortable. Horses have also demonstrated normal, narrow distributions of preferred walking speed within a given gait ...
e. Atmospheric dispersion modeling is the mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere. It is performed with computer programs that include algorithms to solve the mathematical equations that govern the pollutant dispersion. The dispersion models are used to estimate the downwind ambient concentration of air ...
Urban canyon. An urban canyon at 42nd Street, Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The same Manhattan street seen from within, with many buildings much taller than the width of the road. An urban canyon (also known as a street canyon or skyscraper canyon) is a place where the street is flanked by buildings on both sides creating a canyon -like ...
Runoff curve number. The runoff curve number (also called a curve number or simply CN) is an empirical parameter used in hydrology for predicting direct runoff or infiltration from rainfall excess. [1] The curve number method was developed by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, which was formerly called the Soil Conservation ...