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The apex beat (lat. ictus cordis ), also called the apical impulse, [1] is the pulse felt at the point of maximum impulse ( PMI ), which is the point on the precordium farthest outwards (laterally) and downwards (inferiorly) from the sternum at which the cardiac impulse can be felt. The cardiac impulse is the vibration resulting from the heart ...
Children have a higher resting pulse rate than adults. The normal resting pulse ranges for children are as follows: newborn: 100–170 bpm; 6 months to 1 year: 90–130 bpm; 2 to 3 years: 80–120 bpm
Murmurs have seven main characteristics. These include timing, shape, location, radiation, intensity, pitch and quality. Timing refers to whether the murmur is a systolic, diastolic, or continuous murmur. Shape refers to the intensity over time. Murmurs can be crescendo, decrescendo or crescendo-decrescendo. Crescendo murmurs increase in ...
A heart murmur is an abnormal sound your doctor might hear if blood flows the wrong way through your heart. Some heart murmurs are harmless. Others are a sign of a valve problem or other type of ...
Atrial fibrillation refers to an irregular heartbeat and affects at least 2.7 million people in the United States. A heart murmur occurs when there is some kind of abnormal sound in between ...
The apex beat is assessed for size, amplitude, location, impulse and duration. There are specific terms to describe the sensation such as tapping, heaving and thrusting. Often the apex beat is felt diffusely over a large area, in this case the most inferior and lateral position it can be felt in should be described as well as the location of ...
The heart has three layers. They are the: Epicardium: This thin membrane is the outer-most layer of the heart. Myocardium: This thick layer is the muscle that contracts to pump and propel blood ...
Diastolic heart murmur. Auscultogram from normal and abnormal heart sounds. Diastolic heart murmurs are heart murmurs heard during diastole, [1] [2] [3] i.e. they start at or after S2 and end before or at S1. Many involve stenosis of the atrioventricular valves or regurgitation of the semilunar valves .