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An expansion tank or expansion vessel is a small tank used to protect closed water heating systems and domestic hot water systems from excessive pressure. The tank is partially filled with air, whose compressibility cushions shock caused by water hammer [citation needed] and absorbs excess water pressure caused by thermal expansion. [1]
Joule–Thomson effect. In thermodynamics, the Joule–Thomson effect (also known as the Joule–Kelvin effect or Kelvin–Joule effect) describes the temperature change of a real gas or liquid (as differentiated from an ideal gas) when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it insulated so that no heat is exchanged with the ...
Thermodynamics. Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume, and density in response to a change in temperature, usually not including phase transitions. [1] Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance.
Compressed-air energy storage. A pressurized air tank used to start a diesel generator set in Paris Metro. Compressed-air energy storage (CAES) is a way to store energy for later use using compressed air. At a utility scale, energy generated during periods of low demand can be released during peak load periods. [1]
The expansion ratio of liquefied and cryogenic from the boiling point to ambient is: nitrogen – 1 to 696. liquid helium – 1 to 745. argon – 1 to 842. liquid hydrogen – 1 to 850. liquid oxygen – 1 to 860. neon – Neon has the highest expansion ratio with 1 to 1445. [3] [4]
e. In thermodynamics, an isochoric process, also called a constant-volume process, an isovolumetric process, or an isometric process, is a thermodynamic process during which the volume of the closed system undergoing such a process remains constant. An isochoric process is exemplified by the heating or the cooling of the contents of a sealed ...
Turboexpanders are widely used as sources of refrigeration in industrial processes such as the extraction of ethane and natural-gas liquids (NGLs) from natural gas, [4] the liquefaction of gases (such as oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon and krypton) [5] [6] and other low-temperature processes. Turboexpanders currently in operation range in size ...
In thermodynamics, the Volume Correction Factor (VCF), also known as Correction for the effect of Temperature on Liquid (CTL), is a standardized computed factor used to correct for the thermal expansion of fluids, primarily, liquid hydrocarbons at various temperatures and densities. [1] [2] It is typically a number between 0 and 2, rounded to ...
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