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The modern German alphabet consists of the twenty-six letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet : German uses letter-diacritic combinations ( Ä/ä, Ö/ö, Ü/ü) using the umlaut and one ligature ( ẞ/ß (called eszett (sz) or scharfes S, sharp s)), but they do not constitute distinct letters in the alphabet.
For the distinction between [ ], / / and , see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. German orthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, which is largely phonemic. However, it shows many instances of spellings that are historic or analogous to other spellings rather than phonemic.
Within German dialects, a large variation exists as to the environments which trigger or prevent one realization or the other. Fortis–lenis pairs. Various German consonants occur in pairs at the same place of articulation and in the same manner of articulation, namely the pairs /p–b/, /t–d/, /k–ɡ/, /s–z/, /ʃ–ʒ/.
Old High German (OHG; German: Althochdeutsch (Ahdt., Ahd.)) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally identified as the period from around 500/750 to 1050. Rather than representing a single supra-regional form of German, Old High German encompasses the numerous West Germanic dialects that had undergone the set of consonantal ...
Swabian ( German: Schwäbisch [ˈʃvɛːbɪʃ] ⓘ) is one of the dialect groups of Upper German, sometimes one of the dialect groups of Alemannic German (in the broad sense), [5] that belong to the High German dialect continuum. It is mainly spoken in Swabia, which is located in central and southeastern Baden-Württemberg (including its ...
The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people [nb 1] mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania and Southern Africa. The most widely spoken Germanic language, English, is also the world's most widely spoken language with an estimated 2 billion speakers.
Sütterlin is based on older German handwriting, which is a handwriting form of the Blackletter scripts such as Fraktur or Schwabacher, the German print scripts which were used during the same time. It includes the long s (ſ), as well as several standard ligatures such as ff (f-f), ſt (ſ-t), st (s-t), and ß (ſ-z or ſ-s).
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish ( Alemannisch, [alɛˈman (ː)ɪʃ] ⓘ ), is a group of High German dialects. The name derives from the ancient Germanic tribal confederation known as the Alemanni ("all men"). [3] [better source needed]