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Active Directory is a service comprising a database and executable code. It is responsible for managing requests and maintaining the database. The Directory System Agent is the executable part, a set of Windows services and processes that run on Windows 2000 and later. [1]
The Security Account Manager ( SAM) is a database file [1] in Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, 8.1, 10 and 11 that stores users' passwords. It can be used to authenticate local and remote users. Beginning with Windows 2000 SP4, Active Directory authenticates remote users. SAM uses cryptographic measures to prevent unauthenticated users accessing the system.
Starting with Windows Server 2000, Active Directory is the Windows component in charge of maintaining that central database. [1] The concept of Windows domain is in contrast with that of a workgroup in which each computer maintains its own database of security principals.
Extensible Storage Engine ( ESE ), also known as JET Blue, is an ISAM (indexed sequential access method) data storage technology from Microsoft. ESE is the core of Microsoft Exchange Server, Active Directory, and Windows Search. It is also used by a number of Windows components including Windows Update client and Help and Support Center. Its purpose is to allow applications to store and ...
Active Directory Rights Management Services ( AD RMS, known as Rights Management Services or RMS before Windows Server 2008) is a server software for information rights management shipped with Windows Server. It uses encryption and a form of selective functionality denial for limiting access to documents such as corporate e-mails, Microsoft Word documents, and web pages, and the operations ...
Windows Server can be one of three kinds: Active Directory "domain controllers" (ones that provide identity and authentication), Active Directory "member servers" (ones that provide complementary services such as file repositories and schema) and Windows Workgroup "stand-alone servers".
Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), a software component developed by Microsoft, can run on Windows Server operating systems to provide users with single sign-on access to systems and applications located across organizational boundaries. It uses a claims-based access-control authorization model to maintain application security and to implement federated identity. [1] Claims-based ...
Several components of Windows Server 2008 and 2012 use Windows Internal Database for their data storage: Active Directory Rights Management Services, Windows System Resource Manager, UDDI Services, Active Directory Federation Services 2.0, Remote Desktop (standalone) Connection Broker, IPAM [2] and Windows SharePoint Services. On Windows Server 2003, SharePoint and Windows Server Update ...