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  2. Turochamp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turochamp

    Turochamp is the earliest known computer game to enter development, but was never completed by Turing and Champernowne, as its algorithm was too complex to be run by the early computers of the time such as the Automatic Computing Engine. Turing attempted to convert the program into executable code for the 1951 Ferranti Mark 1 computer in ...

  3. Turing test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test

    The Turing test, originally called the imitation game by Alan Turing in 1950, [2] is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behaviour equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human. Turing proposed that a human evaluator would judge natural language conversations between a human and a machine designed to generate human ...

  4. ELIZA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELIZA

    ELIZA. ELIZA is an early natural language processing computer program developed from 1964 to 1967 [1] at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum. [2] [3] Created to explore communication between humans and machines, ELIZA simulated conversation by using a pattern matching and substitution methodology that gave users an illusion of understanding on the part of ...

  5. Computing Machinery and Intelligence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computing_Machinery_and...

    Researchers in the United Kingdom had been exploring "machine intelligence" for up to ten years prior to the founding of the field of artificial intelligence ( AI) research in 1956. [5] It was a common topic among the members of the Ratio Club, an informal group of British cybernetics and electronics researchers that included Alan Turing.

  6. CAPTCHA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captcha

    A CAPTCHA ( / ˈkæp.tʃə / KAP-chə) is a type of challenge–response test used in computing to determine whether the user is human in order to deter bot attacks and spam. [1] The term was coined in 2003 by Luis von Ahn, Manuel Blum, Nicholas J. Hopper, and John Langford. [2]

  7. Turing completeness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_completeness

    Turing completeness. In computability theory, a system of data-manipulation rules (such as a model of computation, a computer's instruction set, a programming language, or a cellular automaton) is said to be Turing-complete or computationally universal if it can be used to simulate any Turing machine [citation needed] (devised by English ...

  8. Turing Tumble - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_Tumble

    A Turing Tumble machine has the following parts: Ball drops – The standard version uses two ramps which store a given number of balls. A switch at the bottom of the board triggers the release of the initial ball (typically blue), from the top left of the panel. The second ramp, on the right, contains red balls.

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