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In sociological terms, groups can fundamentally be distinguished from one another by the extent to which their nature influence individuals and how. [2][3] A primary group, for instance, is a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships with one another (e.g. family, childhood friend).
In this type of group, it is possible for outgroup members (i.e., social categories of which one is not a member) [19] to become ingroup members (i.e., social categories of which one is a member) [19] with reasonable ease. Social groups, such as study-groups or coworkers, interact moderately over a prolonged period of time.
In social psychology and sociology, an in-group is a social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member. By contrast, an out-group is a social group with which an individual does not identify. People may for example identify with their peer group, family, community, sports team, political party, gender, sexual ...
Social identity is the portion of an individual's self-concept derived from perceived membership in a relevant social group. [1] [2]As originally formulated by social psychologists Henri Tajfel and John Turner in the 1970s and the 1980s, [3] social identity theory introduced the concept of a social identity as a way in which to explain intergroup behaviour.
Group dynamics is a system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group (intra group dynamics), or between social groups (inter group dynamics). The study of group dynamics can be useful in understanding decision-making behaviour, tracking the spread of diseases in society, creating effective therapy techniques, and ...
Group membership is the 'objective' belonging within the group, while identification refers to the subjective psychological importance of the group to the member. [1] Group consciousness has been studied, for example, among women, [ 3 ] Hispanic and Latino Americans , [ 4 ] and Muslim Americans .
Group cohesiveness, also called group cohesion or social cohesion, is the degree or strength of bonds linking members of a social group to one another and to the group as a whole. [1] Although cohesion is a multi-faceted process, it can be broken down into four main components: social relations , task relations, perceived unity, and emotions ...
A voluntary group or union (also sometimes called a voluntary organization, common-interest association, [1]: 266 association, or society) is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement, usually as volunteers, to form a body (or organization) to accomplish a purpose. [2] Common examples include trade associations, trade unions, learned ...