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Chromosomal crossover, or crossing over, is the exchange of genetic material during sexual reproduction between two homologous chromosomes ' non-sister chromatids that results in recombinant chromosomes. It is one of the final phases of genetic recombination, which occurs in the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis during a process called ...
meiosis. produces four genetically unique cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as in the parent. mitosis. produces two genetically identical cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as in the parent. Meiosis begins with a diploid cell, which contains two copies of each chromosome, termed homologs.
This type of intercellular communication within an organism is commonly referred to as cell signalling. This type of intercellular communication is typified by a small signalling molecule diffusing through the spaces around cells, [5] often relying on a diffusion gradient forming part of the signalling response.
They help to connect your arteries and veins in addition to facilitating the exchange of certain elements between your blood and tissues. This is why tissues that are very active, such as your ...
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It contains units of biological building blocks called nucleotides. DNA is a vitally important molecule for not only humans but also most other organisms. DNA ...
An Easy Guide to Neuron Anatomy with Diagrams. Neurons, also known as nerve cells, send and receive signals from your brain. While neurons have a lot in common with other types of cells, they’re ...
Gap junctions use protein complexes known as connexons to connect one cell to another. The proteins are called connexins . Gap junction proteins include the more than 26 types of connexin, and at least 12 non-connexin components that make up the gap junction complex or nexus . [ 4 ]
Proteins do most of their work in the cell and perform various jobs. Here are 9 important functions of protein in your body. 1. Growth and Maintenance. Your body needs protein for growth and ...