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A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is defined as follows: A diagram which shows the interconnection of process equipment and the instrumentation used to control the process. In the process industry, a standard set of symbols is used to prepare drawings of processes. The instrument symbols used in these drawings are generally based on ...
Pomodoro Technique. A pomodoro kitchen timer. The Pomodoro Technique is a time management method developed by Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s. [1] It uses a kitchen timer to break work into intervals, typically 25 minutes in length, separated by short breaks. Each interval is known as a pomodoro, from the Italian word for tomato, after the ...
The control action is the switching on or off of the boiler. The process variable is the building temperature. This controller operates the heating system for a constant time regardless of the temperature of the building. In a closed-loop control system, the control action from the controller is dependent on the desired and actual process variable.
Z-Wave. Z-Wave is a wireless communications protocol used primarily for residential and commercial building automation. It is a mesh network using low-energy radio waves to communicate from device to device, [2] allowing for wireless control of smart home devices, such as smart lights, security systems, thermostats, sensors, smart door locks ...
Orders of magnitude (time) An order of magnitude of time is usually a decimal prefix or decimal order-of-magnitude quantity together with a base unit of time, like a microsecond or a million years. In some cases, the order of magnitude may be implied (usually 1), like a "second" or "year". In other cases, the quantity name implies the base unit ...
Standard score. In statistics, the standard score is the number of standard deviations by which the value of a raw score (i.e., an observed value or data point) is above or below the mean value of what is being observed or measured. Raw scores above the mean have positive standard scores, while those below the mean have negative standard scores.
Time and attendance. Time and attendance systems ( T&A) are used to track and monitor when employees start and stop work. A time and attendance system enables an employer to monitor their employees working hours and late arrivals, early departures, time taken on breaks and absenteeism. [1] It also helps to control labor costs by reducing over ...
Third arms were removed; in 1948, the green light of the lower arm was changed to yellow. This system is still in use today. There were also distant signals (German: Vorsignale) to advise the driver as to what aspect the next main signal showed, so that they could slow or stop their train in time if necessary.