Therapists in Ohio

View cities and counties in Ohio
Photo of Lisa Franklin, LPCC, ATR
Lisa Franklin
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, ATR
Verified Verified
Canal Winchester, OH 43110  (Online Only)
Changing your thinking is only one part of improving your mental health. You are not just a mind, body, or set of emotions; all of this is connected. To create lasting healing results, we need to compassionately work with the entire system. This includes creating safety in your nervous system, meeting yourself with more empathy, and working through anything that is holding you back. I will help you tap into what your mind, body, and emotions are trying to tell you, to become more in tune with your desires and intuition, what is no longer serving you, and any shifts that may be more aligned with your most authentic and free self.
Changing your thinking is only one part of improving your mental health. You are not just a mind, body, or set of emotions; all of this is connected. To create lasting healing results, we need to compassionately work with the entire system. This includes creating safety in your nervous system, meeting yourself with more empathy, and working through anything that is holding you back. I will help you tap into what your mind, body, and emotions are trying to tell you, to become more in tune with your desires and intuition, what is no longer serving you, and any shifts that may be more aligned with your most authentic and free self.
(380) 205-0529 View (380) 205-0529
Photo of Tabitha Selerowski, MSSA, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tabitha Selerowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LSW
Verified Verified
Medina, OH 44256
In my sessions I prioritize creating a safe and supportive environment where clients feel empowered to explore their emotions and experiences. My approach is empathetic and client-centered, focusing on guiding clients towards their goals while also providing the necessary encouragement and push when avoidance hinders progress. I love working with couples, adults, and older teens, using a variety of therapeutic modalities tailored to each individual's needs.
In my sessions I prioritize creating a safe and supportive environment where clients feel empowered to explore their emotions and experiences. My approach is empathetic and client-centered, focusing on guiding clients towards their goals while also providing the necessary encouragement and push when avoidance hinders progress. I love working with couples, adults, and older teens, using a variety of therapeutic modalities tailored to each individual's needs.
(330) 862-8806 View (330) 862-8806
Photo of Lauren Perdue, CT, Counselor
Lauren Perdue
Counselor, CT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43235
Not accepting new clients
Are you struggling to find your purpose or place in this world? Do you feel lost or overwhelmed due to certain stressors, lingering hardships, or unresolved trauma? Are there relationships in your life that are unhealthy and negatively effecting your wellbeing, but you don’t quite know how to change that? If any of these apply to you, or life just has you down, I can help you.
Are you struggling to find your purpose or place in this world? Do you feel lost or overwhelmed due to certain stressors, lingering hardships, or unresolved trauma? Are there relationships in your life that are unhealthy and negatively effecting your wellbeing, but you don’t quite know how to change that? If any of these apply to you, or life just has you down, I can help you.
(740) 496-4640 View (740) 496-4640
Photo of Toni Epperson, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Toni Epperson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43604  (Online Only)
Looking for help? Searching for answers? For change? Do you feel your hope diminishing; that "this is not the life that I should be living, I AM missing something." If you can admit thoughts like this, then you are on the edge of change. Where you are now emotionally is not where you will always be, if you take a step of courage and reach out for help. The life you seek, that you desire, is available to you. You can have it, with one changed thought at a time.
Looking for help? Searching for answers? For change? Do you feel your hope diminishing; that "this is not the life that I should be living, I AM missing something." If you can admit thoughts like this, then you are on the edge of change. Where you are now emotionally is not where you will always be, if you take a step of courage and reach out for help. The life you seek, that you desire, is available to you. You can have it, with one changed thought at a time.
(419) 513-8674 View (419) 513-8674
Photo of Suzanne Hoskin, LPCC
Suzanne Hoskin
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
West Chester, OH 45069  (Online Only)
Suzanne Hoskin received her Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling at the University of Cincinnati and her Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Xavier University. She is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and a Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor with experience in residential and IOP substance use disorders treatment. She has advanced training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), motivational interviewing, and working with gender non-conforming clients.
Suzanne Hoskin received her Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling at the University of Cincinnati and her Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Xavier University. She is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and a Licensed Independent Chemical Dependency Counselor with experience in residential and IOP substance use disorders treatment. She has advanced training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), motivational interviewing, and working with gender non-conforming clients.
(513) 966-4190 View (513) 966-4190
Photo of Justin D Braun, PhD, Psychologist
Justin D Braun
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43220
Waitlist for new clients
I have dedicated my career to treating OCD and anxiety. I bring genuine concern for each client and work hard to build a connection that is authentic and genuine. I know that with the right treatment and support, it's possible to live a meaningful life. Therapy can be overwhelming, but with the help of a trusted person on your side, you can get better. I live a fulfilling life with OCD, and I hope that I can have the opportunity to help you do the same!
I have dedicated my career to treating OCD and anxiety. I bring genuine concern for each client and work hard to build a connection that is authentic and genuine. I know that with the right treatment and support, it's possible to live a meaningful life. Therapy can be overwhelming, but with the help of a trusted person on your side, you can get better. I live a fulfilling life with OCD, and I hope that I can have the opportunity to help you do the same!
(380) 333-5378 View (380) 333-5378
Photo of James McCombs, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
James McCombs
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Chester, OH 45069
I am an LPC under the supervision of Carla Seemann, LPCC-S, E.2572. I use an authentic, compassionate, yet solution-focused and hands-on perspective to help with issues such as anxiety, anger, depression, low self-esteem, life transitions, sexual compulsion, obsessive tendencies, traumatic experiences, relationship issues, spiritual concerns, among others.
I am an LPC under the supervision of Carla Seemann, LPCC-S, E.2572. I use an authentic, compassionate, yet solution-focused and hands-on perspective to help with issues such as anxiety, anger, depression, low self-esteem, life transitions, sexual compulsion, obsessive tendencies, traumatic experiences, relationship issues, spiritual concerns, among others.
(513) 450-2407 View (513) 450-2407
Photo of Ashley A Bush, MSW, LISW-S, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ashley A Bush
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Maumee, OH 43537
I am deeply committed to the emotional and psychological health of women, especially those who are experiencing challenges related to perinatal experiences, pregnancy loss, fertility, post-abortion, or LGBTQ+ identity. I work with women of all ages and teens 16 years and older in a judgement free space. Come as you are, be accepted for who you are, wherever you are in your journey.
I am deeply committed to the emotional and psychological health of women, especially those who are experiencing challenges related to perinatal experiences, pregnancy loss, fertility, post-abortion, or LGBTQ+ identity. I work with women of all ages and teens 16 years and older in a judgement free space. Come as you are, be accepted for who you are, wherever you are in your journey.
(614) 532-2676 View (614) 532-2676
Photo of undefined - Speak Life Counseling & Life Coaching Services, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Speak Life Counseling & Life Coaching Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45246
We work with clients who are managing a variety of psychological, emotional, mental health, family, relationship and spiritual challenges and struggles, providing assistance in learning how to best manage those struggles. We enjoy working with individuals, couples and families. In Mr. Hollie's role as a pastor, he also provides faith-based therapy, helping clients understand that, "You can be saved AND have a therapist!" Additionally, Sonia is a Certified Life Coach, and offers telehealth life coaching services aimed at uncovering one's full potential and providing them with the tools to operate in their purpose. Contact us today!
We work with clients who are managing a variety of psychological, emotional, mental health, family, relationship and spiritual challenges and struggles, providing assistance in learning how to best manage those struggles. We enjoy working with individuals, couples and families. In Mr. Hollie's role as a pastor, he also provides faith-based therapy, helping clients understand that, "You can be saved AND have a therapist!" Additionally, Sonia is a Certified Life Coach, and offers telehealth life coaching services aimed at uncovering one's full potential and providing them with the tools to operate in their purpose. Contact us today!
(513) 993-1199 View (513) 993-1199
Photo of Stephanie Krznarich, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Krznarich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Orient, OH 43146
Stephanie Krznarich is a Licensed Independent Social Worker Supervisor in Ohio who has been practicing since 1993. She has a Bachelor's and Master's degree in Social Work from The Ohio State University and attended Bethany Theological Seminary where her focus was on Pastoral Care and Counseling as well as Chaplaincy. Stephanie brings more than 30 years of experience to the counseling relationship. Her focus has been working with individuals who have substance use disorders and/or mental health disorders, cognitive impairment, in addition to trauma survivors.
Stephanie Krznarich is a Licensed Independent Social Worker Supervisor in Ohio who has been practicing since 1993. She has a Bachelor's and Master's degree in Social Work from The Ohio State University and attended Bethany Theological Seminary where her focus was on Pastoral Care and Counseling as well as Chaplaincy. Stephanie brings more than 30 years of experience to the counseling relationship. Her focus has been working with individuals who have substance use disorders and/or mental health disorders, cognitive impairment, in addition to trauma survivors.
(614) 739-8096 View (614) 739-8096
Photo of Devanique Grubb, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Devanique Grubb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Westerville, OH 43081
I’m a Licensed Social Worker committed to helping individuals learn how to navigate life through their own lens. I believe in meeting clients where they are at to help support them on where they want to go. I work with clients who experience depression, anxiety, PTSD, and trauma using approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy and solution-focused therapy. Together we can work to identify how each puzzle piece fits in your life to create the big picture.
I’m a Licensed Social Worker committed to helping individuals learn how to navigate life through their own lens. I believe in meeting clients where they are at to help support them on where they want to go. I work with clients who experience depression, anxiety, PTSD, and trauma using approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy and solution-focused therapy. Together we can work to identify how each puzzle piece fits in your life to create the big picture.
(614) 532-4782 x489 View (614) 532-4782 x489
Photo of Darlene Compton, MSW , LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Darlene Compton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Granville, OH 43023
Welcome! My goal for any client is to help them feel safe in our work and confident in their progress. My 35 years of experience have provided me with the breadth of exposure to handle the most common to the most complex situations with people from all walks of life. That experience allows me to support you in any circumstance with a depth of wisdom to pull from and the most inclusive and affirming space. Whether our work together is for you, your child or your family, you can trust that I am committed to creating a safe experience that supports you on your journey from where you are now to where you want to be.
Welcome! My goal for any client is to help them feel safe in our work and confident in their progress. My 35 years of experience have provided me with the breadth of exposure to handle the most common to the most complex situations with people from all walks of life. That experience allows me to support you in any circumstance with a depth of wisdom to pull from and the most inclusive and affirming space. Whether our work together is for you, your child or your family, you can trust that I am committed to creating a safe experience that supports you on your journey from where you are now to where you want to be.
(740) 508-5661 View (740) 508-5661
Photo of Michelle Blue, MSW, LISW-S, CEAP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle Blue
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, CEAP
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43617
Not accepting new clients
People pursue counseling and therapy for a variety of reasons. Some enter into therapy to address major life changes or to seek help in managing mental health conditions, while others may need assistance with everyday life occurrences. No matter the situation, circumstance, and/or stressor(s) that you may be facing, I will work with and counsel you right where you are. You will find that the various evidenced-based approaches I provide exemplify nothing less than a safe haven for precisely that kind of free-ranging release where you can express yourself and be unapologetically you.
People pursue counseling and therapy for a variety of reasons. Some enter into therapy to address major life changes or to seek help in managing mental health conditions, while others may need assistance with everyday life occurrences. No matter the situation, circumstance, and/or stressor(s) that you may be facing, I will work with and counsel you right where you are. You will find that the various evidenced-based approaches I provide exemplify nothing less than a safe haven for precisely that kind of free-ranging release where you can express yourself and be unapologetically you.
(567) 320-0961 View (567) 320-0961
Photo of Nina Schroth, LPCC, E-RYT, NCC, Counselor
Nina Schroth
Counselor, LPCC, E-RYT, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45208
I view therapy as a collaborative process in which I work closely with clients to achieve goals, develop a deeper presence of health and wellbeing, and work through whatever challenges may be present. My approach to therapy is holistic and strength-based, and I believe that every human being has the capacity to grow and heal. I create a safe, supportive environment for my clients to create the changes they desire. In addition to being a licensed counselor, I am also a registered yoga teacher. I enjoy using both traditional western therapy models and eastern mind-body methods with my clients for optimal success.
I view therapy as a collaborative process in which I work closely with clients to achieve goals, develop a deeper presence of health and wellbeing, and work through whatever challenges may be present. My approach to therapy is holistic and strength-based, and I believe that every human being has the capacity to grow and heal. I create a safe, supportive environment for my clients to create the changes they desire. In addition to being a licensed counselor, I am also a registered yoga teacher. I enjoy using both traditional western therapy models and eastern mind-body methods with my clients for optimal success.
(240) 392-3753 View (240) 392-3753
Photo of Casey Hill, MA, LPCC-S, RYT
Casey Hill
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, RYT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Blue Ash, OH 45242
Welcome to Mind to Mind Therapy, I'm so happy you're here! I enjoy working with individuals who are ready to make changes in their life, using a holistic approach connecting the mind and body. My approach is warm but direct; I aim to walk alongside you on your therapeutic journey while also challenging you to think deeply about how your choices and patterns are influencing your life.
Welcome to Mind to Mind Therapy, I'm so happy you're here! I enjoy working with individuals who are ready to make changes in their life, using a holistic approach connecting the mind and body. My approach is warm but direct; I aim to walk alongside you on your therapeutic journey while also challenging you to think deeply about how your choices and patterns are influencing your life.
(513) 427-5737 View (513) 427-5737
Photo of Margaret Josephson Rinck, EdD, Psychologist
Margaret Josephson Rinck
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45208
Margaret Josephson Rinck, Ed.D. specializes in helping people with depression, anxiety, addiction, abuse and codependency. In 2009 she was honored with the "Be The Scream" award, given by Connections: A Safe Place, in recognition of her lifetime work with childhood sexual abuse victims. A graduate of the University of Cincinnati, Gordon Conwell Theological Seminary, and Gordon College, Dr. Rinck is an author, psychologist, and a retired college professor. One of her new offerings is "Intensives" which are 2-3 day treatment programs, for those who need deeper treatment in a short time.
Margaret Josephson Rinck, Ed.D. specializes in helping people with depression, anxiety, addiction, abuse and codependency. In 2009 she was honored with the "Be The Scream" award, given by Connections: A Safe Place, in recognition of her lifetime work with childhood sexual abuse victims. A graduate of the University of Cincinnati, Gordon Conwell Theological Seminary, and Gordon College, Dr. Rinck is an author, psychologist, and a retired college professor. One of her new offerings is "Intensives" which are 2-3 day treatment programs, for those who need deeper treatment in a short time.
(513) 823-9040 View (513) 823-9040
Photo of Blake Huelsman, MA, LPCC, DARTT
Blake Huelsman
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, DARTT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Mason, OH 45040
I work with individuals (adolescents and adult). I am experienced in working with a broad range of clients. I have spent the last 4 years heavily focusing on helping those with TRAUMATIC STRESS related to family of origin as well as the disease of ADDICTION. In our time together I want to help you work through challenges. Whether it be depression, anxiety, relationships, or even career counseling. I want to help you recover your life!
I work with individuals (adolescents and adult). I am experienced in working with a broad range of clients. I have spent the last 4 years heavily focusing on helping those with TRAUMATIC STRESS related to family of origin as well as the disease of ADDICTION. In our time together I want to help you work through challenges. Whether it be depression, anxiety, relationships, or even career counseling. I want to help you recover your life!
(513) 342-2158 View (513) 342-2158
Photo of Rebekah Fink, LPCC-S, Counselor
Rebekah Fink
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220
Are you suffering from trauma & finding it holding you back from living your true, authentic life? From my experience, I can see how challenging a Borderline Personality Disorder diagnosis can be on a person, & working with someone open to learning new skills to manage it better can be very rewarding! I enjoy working with people who are suffering from anxiety or depressive disorder as I have seen the progress my clients have made in those areas & I love to watch them start to live a more satisfying life. I am here to assist with any life transitions, relationship issues, grief, or OCD/phobias that are preventing you from your goals.
Are you suffering from trauma & finding it holding you back from living your true, authentic life? From my experience, I can see how challenging a Borderline Personality Disorder diagnosis can be on a person, & working with someone open to learning new skills to manage it better can be very rewarding! I enjoy working with people who are suffering from anxiety or depressive disorder as I have seen the progress my clients have made in those areas & I love to watch them start to live a more satisfying life. I am here to assist with any life transitions, relationship issues, grief, or OCD/phobias that are preventing you from your goals.
(380) 220-7088 View (380) 220-7088
Photo of Branden Smith, MSW, LISW, LICDC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Branden Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW, LICDC
Verified Verified
Perrysburg, OH 43551
Not accepting new clients
Mental health is just as important as physical health. If you are tired of struggling with anxiety, depression, or hopelessness and want to find joy in life again, I am here to help. Working with a therapist can help improve your relationships, thinking, job performance, and overall well-being. I also work with people struggling from the aftermath of traumatic events. Having frequent nightmares, feeling on edge, and avoiding things you enjoy can all be normal after trauma. I enjoy helping people find peace and hope after these life changing events.
Mental health is just as important as physical health. If you are tired of struggling with anxiety, depression, or hopelessness and want to find joy in life again, I am here to help. Working with a therapist can help improve your relationships, thinking, job performance, and overall well-being. I also work with people struggling from the aftermath of traumatic events. Having frequent nightmares, feeling on edge, and avoiding things you enjoy can all be normal after trauma. I enjoy helping people find peace and hope after these life changing events.
(419) 827-3402 View (419) 827-3402
Photo of undefined - Yvette The Coach M.A., CMLC | Narcissistic Abuse , MA, CMLC, CDC, CHC
Yvette The Coach M.A., CMLC | Narcissistic Abuse
MA, CMLC, CDC, CHC
Verified Verified
NARCISSISTIC EMOTIONAL/Psychological abuse & IPV! Dealing with an abusive, hostile, high-profile professional, threatening the entire ecological system of yr life? Your partner, spouse, boss, co-worker, family member? Putting you down and/or threatening you & in the next breath telling you how much they love you? Are you drained, devalued, debilitated to exhaustion? Trivial demands? Isolation? Are you smothered? Is your hair falling out? Are your adrenals pumping? Are you denied sleep? Devouring your will is what the abuser wants so they can control. You must not have any space or feel emotion in the relationship: especially anger.
NARCISSISTIC EMOTIONAL/Psychological abuse & IPV! Dealing with an abusive, hostile, high-profile professional, threatening the entire ecological system of yr life? Your partner, spouse, boss, co-worker, family member? Putting you down and/or threatening you & in the next breath telling you how much they love you? Are you drained, devalued, debilitated to exhaustion? Trivial demands? Isolation? Are you smothered? Is your hair falling out? Are your adrenals pumping? Are you denied sleep? Devouring your will is what the abuser wants so they can control. You must not have any space or feel emotion in the relationship: especially anger.
(216) 284-6178 View (216) 284-6178

How does your Therapist compare?

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Ohio who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
66% Coping Skills
65% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
68% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Ohio see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ohio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.